In this blog we will be looking at the incredible life and reign of Queen Elizabeth II to mark what would have been her 100th Birthday on the 21st April 1926.
Princess Elizabeth was born as Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on the 21st April 1926. Her parents were Prince Albert and Elizabeth The Duke and Duchess Of York her grandparents were King George V and Queen Mary. During her grandfather's reign she was third in line to the British throne after her uncle Edward and her father George.
Elizabeth has one sister Margaret Rose who was 6 years younger than her. They were both cared for by their nanny and were educated under the supervision of their mother and their nanny. Due to Elizabeth's position as an heir and knowing that her uncle wouldn't have any children she was certain to become queen someday. She was also educated about her position as an heir and future queen. They both were educated with lessons on history, music, literature, and language.
Their childhood was a very happy one as George and Elizabeth were committed parents to Elizabeth and Margaret despite their engagements in royal life. Old films show that they used to play with them and in their gardens. It also showed their holidays in the country which they loved, they also loved playing with their dogs and rode on horses too. Princess Elizabeth was affectionately known as Lilibet based on the fact she couldn't pronounce her own name when she was really young.
When her grandfather died in 1936 her uncle became King Edward VIII and she became second in line to the throne. Later in 1936 Edward wanted to marry American divorcee Wallis Simpson and because he wasn't allowed to marry a divorcee he chose to abdicate to marry her. This triggered a constitutional crisis. So her father became King George VI even though he didn't really want to become king.
So when her father became king she became heir presumptive however if George and Elizabeth had a son the son would've been next due to male preference primogeniture which meant that Elizabeth would've been second in line to the throne.
As an heir she now had to learn the constitution who she was home tutored by a professor from Eton College. She also joined a girl guide group in London so she can socialise with other girls her age. As King and Queen her parents toured Australia and New Zealand. Both daughters stayed in Britain as their father George thought they were too young to be on tours. She apparently looked very tearful when they left.
In September 1939 Britain entered into the second world war. It was suggested that both princesses should evacuate to Canada to avoid London's frequent bombings. This was rejected by their mother who declared "The children won't go without me. I won't leave without the king and the king will never leave.
From February 1940 they lived at The Royal Lodge but then moved to Windsor Castle where they lived for the next five years. The princesses helped keep the spirits put on staged pantomimes at Christmas in aid for the Queen's wool fund. In 1940 the princesses made their first radio programme on BBC's children's hour where they addressed the children of the nation who have been evacuated from the cities.
In 1943 Elizabeth undertook her first solo public engagement to visit the Grenadier Guards. She was appointed colonel of the Grenadier Guards in 1942. As she approaches her 18th birthday parliament changed the law so that she can act as a councillor of state in the event of her father's absence. He visited Italy in the same year so she could act as a councillor of state. Also in the war she also became a driver and a mechanic, she was given the rank of honorary junior commander which is the equivalent of a female captain at the time.
At the end of the war in Europe on Victory In Europe Day Elizabeth and Margaret mingled with the crowds in London. She can remember her and her sister linking arms with unknown people and was terrified that she and her sister got recognised but they wanted to experience the joy and excitement. They stayed up and partied all night and spent most of the night at The Ritz in London.
In 1934 and 1937 Princess Elizabeth met her future husband Prince Philip Of Greece and Denmark they were second cousins once removed. She fell in love with him when she was at the age of 13 and at 18 they started writing letters to each other. At 21 they announced their engagement on the 9th July 1947. The engagement attracted some controversy due to the fact that Philip was a foreign prince.
Before the marriage Philip renounced his Greek and Danish titles and adopted his mother's British family Mountbatten. Before the marriage he was created The Duke Of Edinburgh and the title of His Royal Highness. They were married on the 20th November 1947 at Westminster Abbey. They received 2,500 gifts from around the world. Elizabeth required ration coupons to buy the material for her wedding dress.
Elizabeth gave birth to her first child Prince Charles later King Charles III in November 1948 one year earlier King George VI had issued letters patent allowing her children to use the style and title of Prince and Princess. 3 years later after the birth of Charles she gave birth to a daughter called Anne in August 1950.
In 1951 King George VI's health declined with lung problems and had a lung removed during surgery at Buckingham Palace. During his absence and recovery she stood in for him at public engagements. in early 1952 her and Prince Philip started a tour in New Zealand and The British Colony of Kenya. During that tour King George VI passed away in his sleep at Sandringham House. His daughter became queen upon his death. Her husband Prince Philip broke the news to his wife.
She wanted to be called Queen Elizabeth II. Despite their arguments to stay at Clarence house the government wanted The new queen and her young family to move to Buckingham Palace because that is where the monarch does most of their work/meetings and engagements.
Prince Philip has pushed for his children to bear the name Mountbatten but the government and Queen Mary wanted it to stay as The House Of Windsor so they kept the name Windsor as the house but his children's last name would be Mountbatten-Windsor.
On the 24th March 1953 Elizabeth's grandmother Queen Mary passed away. The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was held on the 3rd June 1953. The ceremony went ahead at Westminster Abbey and it was the first coronation to be broadcast on television with the exception of the anointing and communion as that stays private between God and the Monarch.
In 1953 Prince Philip and Elizabeth embarked on a 7 month tour around the commonwealth visiting 13 countries. Despite their tour their children Charles and Anne were looked after by their aunt and grandmother and nannies but they joined their parents later on in the tour. In February 1960 Elizabeth gave birth to her third child Andrew and her fourth child Edward in March 1964.
On the 26th July her eldest son and heir Charles was created as The Prince Of Wales at the age of 10. The investiture took place on the 1st July 1969 at 21 years old. It was televised at Caernarfon castle in Wales. He was taught Welsh for the ceremony.
After the births of Andrew and Edward she became a mother who was there considering she has been in the role of queen for quite a while now. She used to move meetings around so she can spend more time at home with her sons putting them to bed and bath time.
In 1977 Elizabeth marked her 25th anniversary of her reign. Parties and events took place throughout the nation and the commonwealth she also went on many tours to the commonwealth which she is the head of since her father died in 1952.
While she was Queen to the nation and commonwealth but she had her own hobbies and interests including horse riding which she was a very very good one as she was taught as a child by her mother and tutors. She had a love of dogs and she was around dogs when she was very young her first dog was a Corgi called Susan who was gifted to her by her father when she turned 18.
Started from Susan she started to breed corgis and she also once created a new dog breed called a Dorgi which is a cross between a corgi and dachshund and they were popular and will continue to be popular due to their owner being Queen Elizabeth II.
Elizabeth and her family loved country life especially at their favourite Scottish retreat Balmoral Castle to which they spent their summers where they would go on walks and played games and had BBQs. Balmoral is the place that she and her family could feel normal.
2002 was a hard year for Elizabeth as in February her younger sister Princess Margaret died at the age of 71 years old from a stroke which devastated Elizabeth as she was really close with her sister. In March of the same year her mother Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother died at the age of 101 years old. Amiss of the devastation of family deaths Queen Elizabeth celebrated her Golden Jubilee. She really didn't want to celebrate due to the deaths of her sister and her mother. The celebrations did go ahead and it was successful.
On the 21st December Elizabeth surpassed her great-great grandmother Queen Victoria when she became the oldest British monarch and longest reigning Queen Regnant.
In 2012 Elizabeth marked 60 years of his accession and celebrations were marked by various events like pagents and concerts and it was celebrated with a tour of the nation and the commonwealth and the tours were taken by her children and grandchildren.
She was also very involved with the London summer Olympics by opening it at the ceremony after parachuting from a helicopter with James Bond which was a fun way to introduce her. No one in her family knew about it apart from Prince Philip. Her children and grandchildren absolutely loved it.
When it came to 2020 the whole world was struck by Covid-19 which meant that everyone would be in lock down. The UK was no exception and neither is The Royal Family, Elizabeth and her husband Prince Philip were on lock down at Windsor Castle and public engagements were cancelled or postponed and she started to hold meetings online via zoom.
On the 5th April she addressed the nation on the pandemic and wanted to address the nation and comfort them in such hard times. The speech ended with "Take comfort that while we may have more to endure, better days will come, we will be with our friends again, we will be with our family again, we will meet again" the "we will meet again" came from the line of the famous WWII song 'we'll meet again' by Vera Lynn.
On the 8th May Elizabeth addressed the nation again to commemorate the 75th anniversary of VE day at exactly 9pm which is the same time her father George VI addressed the nation after it was declared that WW2 was over. She told everyone to "never give up, never despair"
At the start of 2021 Queen Elizabeth had to endure one of the hardest moments of her reign when her husband of 73 years was in hospital for a precautionary measure. In early March he returned to Windsor Castle and on the 9th April 2021 Prince Philip passed away at Windsor Castle at the age of 99, Elizabeth was by her husband's bedside when he died.
The funeral of her husband took place at Windsor Castle on the 17th April 2021 at 3pm. There was a 1 minute silence to remember his life as a nation. Due to pandemic restrictions Queen Elizabeth II was forced to sit alone at her husband's funeral and the photo was dubbed as one of the most heartbreaking moments of her reign. The government did suggest that they'd relax the rules for this funeral but she rejected it.
After the death of Philip she threw herself back into work by resuming meetings and online engagements online. People called her brave that she can carry on with her duties despite the tragic death of her husband.
Despite the pandemic she attended the state opening of parliament with her son Prince Charles and his wife Camilla, Duchess Of Cornwall. Charles stood in for his father by holding his mother's hand when walking down towards the houses of lords.
In October 2021 Queen Elizabeth II was meant to go to Ireland which was cancelled as she was admitted to hospital for "preliminary investigations" that hospital visit sparked concern and worry throughout the nation and it was also the downfall of her health. On remembrance weekend she cancelled her appearances to the Royal Albert Hall for The festival of remembrance and then shockingly she cancelled her appearance at the cenotaph which in her eyes was the most important event in the royal calendar. Her son and heir Charles stepped in for her that weekend.